eSIM Network Map: Which Network Your eSIM Actually Uses
Travel eSIMs do not own towers, they resell local carriers. In 41 of the 89 destinations we checked, Airalo, Holafly and Nomad all reach the same network, so their coverage claims describe identical signal. In 48 they split, and in 8 no two overlap at all.
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Your travel eSIM is not a network. It is a reseller riding a local carrier's towers, and which carrier that is changes by country and by provider. We pulled the network behind every plan across our 89 destination guides, 266 provider-network pairings in total. In 41 countries all three providers reach at least one shared carrier, so the decision comes down to price and hotspot rules. In the other 48, they split, and in 8 of those no two providers touch the same network at all: Germany, the UK, Australia, Bali, South Korea, Indonesia, Hong Kong and Puerto Rico. In those places the provider you pick is a coverage decision, not a pricing one.
The map
Search for a country or filter by region. Each row shows the local network operators, then the carrier each travel eSIM actually registers on. Country names link through to the full guide.
| Country | Local leader | Airalo rides | Nomad rides | Holafly rides | Coverage pick |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange | Bouygues / SFR | Orange / SFR | Orange | Differs | |
| Deutsche Telekom | Deutsche Telekom | Vodafone | O2 | Differs | |
| Cosmote | Cosmote / Vodafone Greece | Vodafone Greece / Wind | Cosmote | Differs | |
| TIM / Vodafone | WindTre / Vodafone | TIM / Vodafone | Vodafone / TIM | Same | |
| MEO | NOS / MEO | Vodafone Portugal | MEO | Differs | |
| Movistar | Vodafone Spain / Orange Spain | Orange Spain / Movistar | Movistar / Orange Spain | Same | |
| EE | EE | Vodafone UK | Three UK | Differs | |
| Turkcell | Turk Telekom | Turkcell / Turk Telekom | Turkcell / Turk Telekom | Same | |
| Swisscom | Salt | Salt / Sunrise | Salt | Same | |
| Hrvatski Telekom | Hrvatski Telekom / A1 | A1 / Telemach | A1 / Hrvatski Telekom | Same | |
| Siminn | Nova | Siminn / Vodafone / Nova | Siminn / Vodafone / Nova | Same | |
| Vodafone | Three / Eir / Vodafone | Three / Vodafone | Vodafone / Three / Eir | Same | |
| KPN | KPN / Odido | Odido / KPN | KPN / Vodafone | Same | |
| A1 | A1 | A1 / Magenta | A1 / Magenta | Same | |
| O2 | O2 / T-Mobile | O2 / Vodafone | O2 / Vodafone | Same | |
| Orange | Play / T-Mobile | Orange / T-Mobile | Orange / Play | Differs | |
| Telenor | Telenor / Telia | Telia | Telenor / Telia | Same | |
| Telia | Telia / Tele2 | Tele2 / Telia | Telia / Tele2 | Same | |
| TDC / Nuuday | 3 (Hi3G) | Telia | Telia / 3 | Differs | |
| Magyar Telekom | Yettel | Yettel / One | Yettel / One | Same | |
| Proximus | Proximus and BASE | Orange Belgium and Proximus | Proximus | Same | |
| Elisa | DNA | DNA / Elisa | Elisa, DNA and Telia | Same | |
| Orange | Orange Romania | Vodafone / Digi | Digi / Vodafone / Orange | Differs | |
| Magti | Cellfie / Silknet | Cellfie / Silknet | Magti / Cellfie | Same | |
| Vodafone | One Albania | Vodafone Albania / One Albania | Vodafone Albania | Differs | |
| POST | Orange Luxembourg | Tango (Proximus) / Orange | POST / Tango (Proximus) / Orange | Differs | |
| Telekom Slovenije | T-2 / Telemach | Telekom Slovenije / A1 | A1 / Telekom Slovenije / Telemach | Differs | |
| A1 | A1 Bulgaria | Yettel / A1 | A1 / Vivacom / Yettel | Differs | |
| Cyta | Cytamobile-Vodafone / PrimeTel | Cyta / Epic | Cyta / PrimeTel | Differs | |
| Telia | Elisa Eesti | Tele2 / Elisa | Elisa / Telia | Differs | |
| GO | Epic | Epic / GO | Epic / GO / Melita | Same | |
| Crnogorski Telekom | m:tel | m:tel / Crnogorski Telekom | m:tel / One / Crnogorski Telekom | Same | |
| Telstra | Telstra | Vodafone AU | Optus | Differs | |
| Telkomsel | Telkomsel | Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison | XL Axiata | Differs | |
| SoftBank | SoftBank | NTT Docomo | SoftBank / NTT Docomo | Differs | |
| SK Telecom | SK Telecom | LG U+ | KT | Differs | |
| AIS | AIS | dtac / AIS | AIS | Same | |
| Etisalat | Etisalat (e&) | du | Etisalat (e&) | Differs | |
| Viettel | Viettel | Mobifone / Vinaphone | Viettel / Vinaphone | Differs | |
| Singtel | Singtel | Singtel / StarHub | Singtel | Same | |
| Jio / Airtel | Airtel | Jio / Airtel | Airtel / Jio | Same | |
| China Unicom | China Unicom (via intl gateway) | China Unicom (via Hong Kong) | China Mobile (intl roaming) | Differs | |
| Maxis | Maxis | Maxis / CelcomDigi | Maxis / CelcomDigi | Same | |
| Globe | Globe | Globe | Smart / Globe | Same | |
| Chunghwa | Chunghwa Telecom | FarEasTone / Taiwan Mobile | Chunghwa Telecom | Differs | |
| Telkomsel | Telkomsel | Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison | XL Axiata | Differs | |
| Spark | One NZ / Spark | Spark | Spark / One NZ | Same | |
| CSL | 3 HK (Three) | CSL / 1010 | China Mobile Hong Kong | Differs | |
| Dialog | Dialog | Hutch / Dialog | Dialog / Mobitel | Same | |
| Smart | Smart / Metfone | Metfone | Metfone | Same | |
| Dhiraagu | Ooredoo Maldives | Dhiraagu | Dhiraagu | Differs | |
| Ncell | Ncell | Ncell | Nepal Telecom (NTC) | Differs | |
| Grameenphone | Grameenphone | Banglalink | Grameenphone | Differs | |
| DST | UNN (shared national network) | DST, on the UNN network | UNN (shared national network) | Differs | |
| Vodafone Fiji | Digicel Fiji | Vodafone Fiji | Digicel Fiji | Differs | |
| Unitel | ETL | Lao Telecom (LTC) | Lao Telecom (LTC) | Differs | |
| CTM | Macao Mobile (Hutchison on unlimited) | CTM | CTM | Differs | |
| Mobicom | Mobicom | Mobicom | Mobicom | Same | |
| Bell / Telus | Rogers / Bell | Telus / Rogers | Bell / Rogers | Same | |
| Telcel | Telcel / AT&T Mexico | AT&T Mexico / Telcel | Telcel | Same | |
| AT&T / T-Mobile | T-Mobile | AT&T / Verizon | AT&T / T-Mobile | Differs | |
| Vivo | Claro / Vivo | Claro / Vivo | Vivo / TIM | Same | |
| Kolbi | Liberty / Claro | Claro / Liberty | Liberty / Claro | Same | |
| Claro | Claro | Claro | Claro / Altice | Same | |
| Claro / Personal | Movistar | Movistar | Claro | Differs | |
| Claro | Claro / Movistar | Entel | Claro / Movistar | Differs | |
| Claro | Tigo | Claro | Claro / Movistar | Differs | |
| Entel | Movistar | Movistar | Entel | Differs | |
| Digicel / Flow | Flow | Flow | Digicel | Differs | |
| +Movil | +Movil | +Movil | Tigo | Differs | |
| Claro | Movistar / Otecel | Movistar | Movistar | Same | |
| Tigo | Tigo / Claro | Tigo / Claro | Tigo | Same | |
| BTC | BTC | BTC | Aliv | Differs | |
| Claro / Liberty | T-Mobile | Liberty Puerto Rico | Claro Puerto Rico | Differs | |
| Vodafone | Orange / Vodafone | Vodafone / Orange | Vodafone / Orange | Same | |
| Maroc Telecom | Orange | Maroc Telecom / Orange | Maroc Telecom / Inwi | Differs | |
| Vodacom | MTN / Cell C | MTN | Vodacom / MTN | Same | |
| Cellcom | Cellcom | Partner | Partner / Pelephone | Differs | |
| Zain | Orange / Zain / Umniah | Zain | Zain / Orange | Same | |
| STC | Zain | Zain | STC | Differs | |
| Ooredoo | Vodafone Qatar | Vodafone Qatar | Ooredoo | Differs | |
| Omantel | Omantel | Omantel | Omantel / Ooredoo | Same | |
| Safaricom | Safaricom | Airtel Kenya | Airtel Kenya | Differs | |
| Vodacom | Vodacom | Yas (Tigo) | Vodacom | Differs | |
| MTN | AT (AirtelTigo) | AT (AirtelTigo) | Telecel / AT | Same | |
| my.t / Emtel | Emtel | Emtel | my.t (Cellplus) | Differs | |
| MTC | TN Mobile (Telecom Namibia) | TN Mobile (Telecom Namibia) | Not sold here | Same | |
| Cable & Wireless | Airtel Seychelles | Airtel Seychelles | Airtel Seychelles | Same | |
| Ooredoo | Ooredoo | Ooredoo / Orange / Tunisie Telecom | Tunisie Telecom | Differs |
Last reviewed August 2026. Some plans reach more than one partner network, in which case every known carrier is listed. Where a provider registers on several, your phone picks the strongest available.
How to read this
The useful question is not which travel eSIM is best. It is which network you want to be on where you are going, and then which provider sells you access to it. A provider riding the market leader in Kenya may be riding the weakest of four operators in Poland, and nothing on its website will tell you.
Three practical rules fall out of the data. First, in cities this rarely matters: every national operator covers its own capital well, so a Same or Differs verdict changes little for a weekend in a European capital. Second, it matters most where terrain does: mountain roads, islands, deserts, national parks and long rural drives are where operators diverge, and where the wrong network becomes a real problem rather than an inconvenience. Third, when providers do share a network, stop comparing coverage claims entirely and compare price, hotspot policy and how each one handles top-ups, because the signal in your hand will be identical.
Method
Every entry comes from the research behind the destination guide it links to, where the network a provider uses is established alongside the coverage, pricing and carrier detail for that country. Names are recorded as the operator brands them locally, so an entry may differ from the parent group name. The Same and Differs verdict is computed by comparing carrier names across the providers that actually sell each country, treating local sub-brands as their parent network where they share infrastructure. Where a provider has no product for a country, it is marked Not sold here and left out of the verdict for that row.
Two honest limits. Wholesale agreements change without announcement, so an entry can go stale between reviews; we re-check on the same cadence as the guide it is drawn from. And a plan that reaches several partner networks does not let you choose between them manually, so treat multi-carrier entries as the set your phone may select from rather than a menu.
Frequently asked questions
Do travel eSIM providers run their own networks?
No. Airalo, Nomad and Holafly are resellers. They buy wholesale access and your phone registers on a local carrier's towers, exactly like a roaming visitor. That is why the brand on the app matters far less than the network sitting behind it, and why two travellers standing together with different eSIMs can see very different signal.
Why does it matter which network my eSIM uses?
Because national carriers are not equal outside the cities. In the 48 countries on this map where the three providers do not share a network, picking one over another decides whether you have a signal on a rural road, in a mountain valley or on a stretch of coast. In cities the difference is usually invisible.
Can a provider change which network it uses?
Yes, and it happens quietly. Wholesale agreements get renegotiated, and a provider can switch carrier in a country without announcing it. Some plans also register on whichever of several partner networks is strongest, so the entry here lists every carrier the plan is known to reach. Treat this map as accurate as of its last review date, not as a contractual guarantee.
Which provider has the best network overall?
None of them, consistently. That is the honest answer this data supports. Each provider leads in some countries and trails in others, which is why we publish a per-country pick in each destination guide rather than crowning one provider globally.
What does the Same or Differs column mean?
Same means all three providers reach at least one common carrier in that country, so your choice is about price, hotspot rules and app quality rather than coverage. Differs means at least one provider is on a network the others do not touch, so coverage genuinely enters the decision.
What if a provider does not sell that country at all?
Then its column reads Not sold here and it is excluded from the verdict. Namibia is the current example: Airalo and Nomad both ride TN Mobile, while Holafly publishes no Namibia product, so the row is judged on the two providers you can actually buy. An absent provider is not the same thing as a provider on a different carrier, and treating it as one would wrongly report the country as split.
How often is this map updated?
It is rebuilt from our country research every time a new destination cluster ships, and the network entries are re-checked on the same cadence as the guides they come from. This edition was last reviewed in August 2026.